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Mayowa Owolabi

· University of Ibadan

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Mayowa Owolabi is a registered researcher in their academic field.

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Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors, Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology, Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies · 2020 · Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019

Gregory A. Roth, George A. Mensah, Catherine O. Johnson, Giovanni Addolorato, Enrico Ammirati, Larry M. Baddour, Noël C. Barengo, Andrea Beaton, Emelia J. Benjamin, Catherine P. Benziger, Aimé Bonny, Michael Bräuer, Marianne Brodmann, Thomas J. Cahill, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Alberico L. Catapano, Sumeet S. Chugh, Leslie T. Cooper, Josef Coresh, Michael H Criqui, Nicole DeCleene, Kim A. Eagle, Sophia Emmons‐Bell, Valery L. Feigin, Joaquim Fernández‐Solà, Gerry Fowkes, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott M. Grundy, Feng J. He, George Howard, Frank B. Hu, Lesley A. Inker, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Walter J. Koroshetz, Carl J. Lavie, Donald M. Lloyd‐Jones, Hong Lü, Antonio Mirijello, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Ali H. Mokdad, Andrew Moran, Paul Muntner, Jagat Narula, Bruce Neal, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Glaucia Moraes de Oliveira, Catherine M Otto, Mayowa Owolabi, Michael Pratt, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Marissa B Reitsma, Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Nancy A. Rigotti, Anthony Rodgers, Craig Sable, Saate Shakil, Karen Sliwa‐Hahnle, Benjamin Stark, Johan Sundström, Patrick Timpel, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Marco Valgimigli, Theo Vos, Paul K. Whelton, Magdi Yacoub, Liesl Zühlke, Chris Murray, Valentı́n Fuster, F. Gerry R. Fowkes

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.

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Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments, Voice and Speech Disorders, Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders · 2018 · The Lancet Neurology

Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

E. Ray Dorsey, Alexis Elbaz, Emma Nichols, Nooshin Abbasi, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, José Carmelo Adsuar, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Carol Brayne, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Daniel Collado‐Mateo, Nabila Dahodwala, Huyen Phuc, Dumessa Edessa, Matthias Endres, Seyed‐Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Kyle J Foreman, Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé, Rahul Gupta, Samer Hamidi, Graeme J. Hankey, Simon I Hay, Mohamed Hegazy, Desalegn Tsegaw Hibstu, Amir Kasaeian, Yousef Khader, Ibrahim Khalil, Young‐Ho Khang, Yun Jin Kim, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Giancarlo Logroscino, João Massano, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Alireza Mohammadi, Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh, Mohsen Naghavi, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Yirga Legesse Nirayo, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Mayowa Owolabi, David M. Pereira, Maarten J. Postma, Mostafa Qorbani, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Kedir Teji Roba, Hosein Safari, Saeid Safiri, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika Sawhney, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw, Mari Smith, Cassandra Szoeke, Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos, Nu Thi Truong, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Santos Villafaina, Kidu gidey weldegwergs, Ronny Westerman, Tissa Wijeratne, Andrea Sylvia Winkler, Bach Tran Xuan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Valery L. Feigin, Theo Vos, Christopher J L Murray

BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are now the leading source of disability globally, and ageing is increasing the burden of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease. We aimed to determine the global burden of Parkinson's disease between 1990 and 2016 to identify trends and to enable appropriate public health, medical, and scientific responses. METHODS: Through a systematic analysis of epidemiological studies, we estimated global, regional, and country-specific prevalence and years of life lived with disability for Parkinson's disease from 1990 to 2016. We estimated the proportion of mild, moderate, and severe Parkinson's disease on the basis of studies that used the Hoehn and Yahr scale and assigned disability weights to each level. We jointly modelled prevalence and excess mortality risk in a natural history model to derive estimates of deaths due to Parkinson's disease. Death counts were multiplied by values from the Global Burden of Disease study's standard life expectancy to compute years of life lost. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were computed as the sum of years lived with disability and years of life lost. We also analysed results based on the Socio-demographic Index, a compound measure of income per capita, education, and fertility. FINDINGS: In 2016, 6·1 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 5·0-7·3) individuals had Parkinson's disease globally, compared with 2·5 million (2·0-3·0) in 1990. This increase was not solely due to increasing numbers of older people, because age-standardised prevalence rates increased by 21·7% (95% UI 18·1-25·3) over the same period (compared with an increase of 74·3%, 95% UI 69·2-79·6, for crude prevalence rates). Parkinson's disease caused 3·2 million (95% UI 2·6-4·0) DALYs and 211 296 deaths (95% UI 167 771-265 160) in 2016. The male-to-female ratios of age-standardised prevalence rates were similar in 2016 (1·40, 95% UI 1·36-1·43) and 1990 (1·37, 1·34-1·40). From 1990 to 2016, age-standardised prevalence, DALY rates, and death rates increased for all global burden of disease regions except for southern Latin America, eastern Europe, and Oceania. In addition, age-standardised DALY rates generally increased across the Socio-demographic Index. INTERPRETATION: Over the past generation, the global burden of Parkinson's disease has more than doubled as a result of increasing numbers of older people, with potential contributions from longer disease duration and environmental factors. Demographic and potentially other factors are poised to increase the future burden of Parkinson's disease substantially. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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