Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items

The statistical tests used in the analysis of structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error are examined. A drawback of the commonly applied chi square test, in addit...

Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests

A general formula ( α ) of which a special case is the Kuder-Richardson coefficient of equivalence is shown to be the mean of all split-half coefficients resulting from different splittings of a test. α is therefore an …

Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach.

In this article, we provide guidance for substantive researchers on the use of structural equation modeling in practice for theory testing and development. We present a comprehensive, two-step modeling approach that emp…

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