TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2017
AU  - Christina Fitzmaurice
AU  - Degu Abate
AU  - Naghmeh Abbasi
AU  - Hedayat Abbastabar
AU  - Foad Abd-Allah
AU  - Omar Abdel‐Rahman
AU  - Ahmed Abdelalim
AU  - Amir Abdoli
AU  - Ibrahim Abdollahpour
AU  - Abdishakur S. M. Abdulle
AU  - Nebiyu Dereje Abebe
AU  - Haftom Niguse Abraha
AU  - Laith J. Abu‐Raddad
AU  - Ahmed Abualhasan
AU  - Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji
AU  - Shailesh M Advani
AU  - Mohsen Afarideh
AU  - Mahdi Afshari
AU  - Mohammad Aghaali
AU  - Dominic Agius
AU  - Sutapa Agrawal
AU  - Ayat Ahmadi
AU  - Elham Ahmadian
AU  - Ehsan Ahmadpour
AU  - Muktar Beshir Ahmed
AU  - Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari
AU  - Tomi Akinyemiju
AU  - Ziyad Al‐Aly
AU  - Assim M. AlAbdulKader
AU  - Fares Alahdab
AU  - Shazia Alam
AU  - Genet Melak Alamene
AU  - Birhan Alemnew
AU  - Kefyalew Addis Alene
AU  - Cyrus Alinia
AU  - Vahid Alipour
AU  - Syed Mohamed Aljunid
AU  - Fatemeh Allah Bakeshei
AU  - Majid A. Almadi
AU  - Amir Almasi‐Hashiani
AU  - Ubai Alsharif
AU  - Shirina Alsowaidi
AU  - Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán
AU  - Erfan Amini
AU  - Saeed Amini
AU  - Yaw Ampem Amoako
AU  - Zohreh Anbari
AU  - Nahla Anber
AU  - Cătălina Liliana Andrei
AU  - Mina Anjomshoa
AU  - Fereshteh Ansari
AU  - Ansariadi Ansariadi
AU  - Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah
AU  - Morteza Arab‐Zozani
AU  - Jalal Arabloo
AU  - Zohreh Arefi
AU  - Olatunde Aremu
AU  - Habtamu Abera Areri
AU  - Al Artaman
AU  - Hamid Asayesh
AU  - Ephrem Tsegay Asfaw
AU  - Alebachew Fasil Ashagre
AU  - Reza Assadi
AU  - Bahar Ataeinia
AU  - Hagos Tasew Atalay
AU  - Zerihun Ataro
AU  - Suleman Atique
AU  - Marcel Ausloos
AU  - Leticia Ávila‐Burgos
AU  - Euripide Avokpaho
AU  - Ashish Awasthi
AU  - Nefsu Awoke
AU  - Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla
AU  - Martin Amogre Ayanore
AU  - Henok Tadesse Ayele
AU  - Ebrahim Babaee
AU  - Umar Bacha
AU  - Alaa Badawi
AU  - Mojtaba Bagherzadeh
AU  - Eleni Bagli
AU  - Senthilkumar Balakrishnan
AU  - Abbas Balouchi
AU  - Till Bärnighausen
AU  - Robert J. Battista
AU  - Masoud Behzadifar
AU  - Meysam Behzadifar
AU  - Bayu Begashaw Bekele
AU  - Yared Belete Belay
AU  - Yaschilal Muche Belayneh
AU  - Kathleen Berfield
AU  - Adugnaw Berhane
AU  - Eduardo Bernabé
AU  - Mircea Beuran
AU  - Nickhill Bhakta
AU  - Krittika Bhattacharyya
AU  - Belete Biadgo
AU  - Ali Bijani
AU  - Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed
AU  - Charles Birungi
AU  - Catherine Bisignano
PY  - 2019
JO  - JAMA Oncology
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.2996
AB  - Importance Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data. Objective To describe cancer burden for 29 cancer groups in 195 countries from 1990 through 2017 to provide data needed for cancer control planning. Evidence Review We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fertility rate. We also analyzed the influence of the epidemiological vs the demographic transition on cancer incidence. Findings In 2017, there were 24.5 million incident cancer cases worldwide (16.8 million without nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]) and 9.6 million cancer deaths. The majority of cancer DALYs came from years of life lost (97%), and only 3% came from years lived with disability. The odds of developing cancer were the lowest in the low SDI quintile (1 in 7) and the highest in the high SDI quintile (1 in 2) for both sexes. In 2017, the most common incident cancers in men were NMSC (4.3 million incident cases); tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer (1.5 million incident cases); and prostate cancer (1.3 million incident cases). The most common causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for men were TBL cancer (1.3 million deaths and 28.4 million DALYs), liver cancer (572 000 deaths and 15.2 million DALYs), and stomach cancer (542 000 deaths and 12.2 million DALYs). For women in 2017, the most common incident cancers were NMSC (3.3 million incident cases), breast cancer (1.9 million incident cases), and colorectal cancer (819 000 incident cases). The leading causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for women were breast cancer (601 000 deaths and 17.4 million DALYs), TBL cancer (596 000 deaths and 12.6 million DALYs), and colorectal cancer (414 000 deaths and 8.3 million DALYs). Conclusions and Relevance The national epidemiological profiles of cancer burden in the GBD study show large heterogeneities, which are a reflection of different exposures to risk factors, economic settings, lifestyles, and access to care and screening. The GBD study can be used by policy makers and other stakeholders to develop and improve national and local cancer control in order to achieve the global targets and improve equity in cancer care.
ER  -